Fundamentals
The definitions the rest of the site assumes you have. Short, plain, and clear about where each concept stops being useful.
Articles
What is an ASN? Autonomous system numbers explained, and how to find the ASN of an IP
An ASN identifies a network that routes its own IP addresses. What autonomous system numbers are, who gets one, reserved ranges, and how to find an IP’s ASN.
Can websites tell you’re using a VPN? How they know, and why yours gets flagged
Usually, yes. How websites tell you’re on a VPN, why some block it or ask for more, why “VPN detected” appears without one, and how to check yours.
Is an IP Address Personal Data Under GDPR?
Yes, dynamic addresses included. What that means for a fraud check: lawful basis under Art. 6(1)(f), data minimisation, retention and processor questions.
Is Device Fingerprinting Legal? GDPR, ePrivacy, and Fraud Prevention
What EU and UK law says about device fingerprinting for fraud prevention — lawful basis, the ePrivacy consent question, and what to check first.
Should You Block AI Agents? A Short Decision Guide
A one-page framework for deciding whether AI agent traffic is a threat, a customer, or both — and what to do at each answer.
Residential Proxy vs Datacenter Proxy
Residential vs datacenter proxies: how each hides users, why residential exits beat IP reputation lists, and the device signals that expose them anyway.
What Is a Residential Proxy, Really?
What a residential proxy is, why fraudsters pay for real-household IPs, and the network and device signals that still expose them behind the clean address.
What Is an Antidetect Browser?
What an antidetect browser is, how Multilogin-class tools spoof fingerprints, and which integrity checks still catch them in production.
The VPN, proxy and bot patterns we saw this month
One email a month with what changed in the traffic we check — new VPN and proxy networks, new bot tooling, what our lab runs turned up. Written for engineers. Unsubscribe in one click.